Vitamin K, technically known as phytonadione, is a fat-soluble vitamin manufactured in the liver that is necessary to ensure proper blood clotting. Its relation to the circulatory system has been parlayed into its use as a cosmetic ingredient to help diminish vascular conditions that emerge as skin imperfections such as dark circles under the eyes, redness from rosacea, and broken capillaries (including spider veins, also known as telangiectasia). It is important to note that vitamin K in skin-care products is considered a cosmetic ingredient, not a pharmaceutical or drug. Therefore, cosmetics companies are not required to prove their claims about what they say it can do for skin.
A typical claim for this vitamin, when applied topically, is that it can improve the appearance of dark circles under the eyes. A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (April 2004, page 73) examined the effect of applying a gel containing 2% vitamin K plus 0.1% retinol, vitamin E, and vitamin C. Fifty-seven adults with dark circles participated in this 8-week study and the results, while not a slam-dunk, weren't exactly discouraging either: 47% of the testers noted ';fair to moderate'; improvement in their dark circles. The majority of testers noticed no change, but the treatment was well-tolerated. As encouraging as this sounds whether or not the results were from the vitamin K or the other vitamins is unknown. It also doesn't explain if the results were due to the impact of the antioxidants on skin or vitamin K' effect on circulation when taken orally.
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